Physics of a Kayak (Qayaq) Essay example -- physics kayak kayaking qay

Qayaqs, now known as kyaks, were used by the Yup'ik Eskimos of Southwest Alaska. The Qayaq is a symbol of the Yup'ik culture. It symbolizes the significance of subsistence and using the surrounding resources to survive. This vessel also represents the intelligence and ingenuity of the Yup'ik people developing and designing a water craft that was swift, quiet, and could withstand harsh water turbulence. They were used as a mode of transportation for subsistence hunting and gathering. They were also a symbol of importance in society. "...it was the basis among men for obtaining wealth and women" (Zimmerly, 40). Wealth was measured on the ammount of goods a man could give away, indicating he was a successful hunter. In turn, because this hunter had a qayaq, he had to be skillful in manuvering the qayaq and hunting which gave him status in the community. This would be equivalent to a man owning his own vehicle and having a good job (Zimmerly, 40). "Each qayaq was outfitted with hunting suppliments to ensure the hunter's success." (http://www.alaskanative.net/341.asp). This mode of transportation was very efficient and aventageous while traveling along coast lines and upstream against a current. This style and of sea vessel is known as the Bearing Sea Kyak. Qayaq building was a very time consuming process. There was a ceremony held in the traditional men's house while each of the wooden memebers of the qayaq was cut. Each piece of wood was measured by the size of the owner. "Thus each man's kyak is built according to the specifications of his own body and hence is peruliarly fitted to his use" (Zimmerly, 40). Qayaqs were on average fifteen feet in length. They had wide and deep hulls, the bilges were rounded and slightly fl... ...L/n "As a rule of thumb R ~3000 turbulent flow" Anything in between 2000 and 3000 is unstable and may go back and forth between laminar and turbulent flow. (www.physics.usyd.edu.au/teach_res/jp/fluids/flow1.pdf) Works Cited Alaska Native Heritage Center. Floating Bodies 101. Lincoln, K J. "Qayanek: The Resurrection of a Lost Art." Delta Discovery 13 October 2004. 14+ Serway, Jewett. Physics for Scientists and Engineers 6th Edition. Pomona: California State Polytechnic University. 2004. Visual Physics. Yup'ik Qayaq. Zimmerly, David W. Qayaq: Kayaks of Alaska and Siberia. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Press, 2000.

Operations Management London Zoo and Nottimham Castle Case Study

In today’s information age, it is important for businesses to take advantage of the available avenues to reach out to customers and potential customers. Tourist attractions such as London Zoo, and Nottingham Castle, are no exceptions of being in the age of constant information flows. These places want to attract visitors with their facility layouts and overall experiences, and to improve upon what they already have, they would need to optimize their products through well planned operations management. When one thinks of a zoo and a historic museum, it is very natural to think of both places as tourist attractions, but what they offer the visitors could be very different. The London Zoo offers patrons the experience of interacting with animals that we would otherwise have very little chances of seeing, while the Nottingham Castle brings the visitors back in time and allows them to feel and see the history. The zoo needs to attract people with their animal collections, while the Nottingham Castle needs to intrigue visitors with their well laid out tours, guides, and interesting historic facts. The purpose of this report is to describe how each of these places, the London Zoo and the Nottingham Castle, are run in terms of operations management, then to identify possible flaws and ways to improve upon their current operational methodology. Though these two places are both tourist attractions, but their appeals are unique to their own. The zoo offers exciting and dynamic interactions with live animals, so it needs to capitalize on the animals it has or through possible new animal acquisitions. The Nottingham Castle on the other hand should cater to what the visitors would be most interested in knowing about the place. To wrap up this report, a comparison between the two locations will be done. Nottingham Castle can trace its history back to 1067; the wooden castle was built by the Conqueror. In 1878, Prince of Wales opened it as a municipal museum and art gallery and it has since become one of the popular scenic spots in Nottingham city. According to Nottingham City Council website, Nottingham Castle is open Tuesday to Sunday from 10am to 4pm. From March to September it opens until 5 in the evening. Although the Castle only provides parking for disabilities, public parking and railway station are all within 10 to 15minutes walk. In order to attract more visitors, Nottingham Castle has a Tuesday free entry plan for the local citizens. Other visitors can purchase tickets from 3 to 5. 5Pounds depending on different types of tickets. There is only one entrance into the Castle, therefore after visitors purchase the tickets; they have admission to any of the places inside Nottingham Castle which includes the indoor facilities: museum, art gallery and outdoor facilities: Victorian bandstand, playground. It can be seen that Nottingham Castle has both the educational and entertainment functions which are suitable for family leisure activity. Figure 1: Nottingham Castle process and layout diagram Source: BBC Local Nottingham Website Nottingham Castle is surrounded by walls, when visitors go into the castle gatehouse they will see a beautiful garden and the castle atop the hill. As can be seen in the Figure 1, Nottingham Castle has tried to arrange a route for visitors. Visitors usually are attracted by the Robin Hood statue just outside the castle before heading to the castle gatehouse to purchase the tickets. Once inside the Castle, visitors can access any facility to their likings and do not necessarily have to follow the route which is suggested by Nottingham Castle. According to BBC Nottingham local website, the route suggested by Nottingham Castle shown as below: Robin Hood Statue > Castle Gatehouse > Victorian Bandstand > Eastern Terrace > Guard Room > Dungeon 01 > Dungeon 02 > Long Gallery > Castle Roof > Soldiers Tunnel > Mortimer’s Hole > Cannon Position > Miller’s Cottage In this case, Nottingham Castle could be classified as process layout. This is because when visitors flow through the operation, they choose a route from facility to facility according to their needs. (Slack et al. , 2004) Nottingham Castle is considered a small Castle. The museum and gallery are all located inside the Castle. The space of the exhibition compare to many other museums is on the smaller side. The Castle Cafe and shop are not very busy during the day. Visitors normally spend one to two hours to see all the facilities. Therefore, the volume of its output is low. Moreover, when visitors go to the gatehouse, the staffs are not only selling tickets but also in charge of the gift shop. Slack et al. (2004) state that when the volume is lower, â€Å"the number of staff will be lower and therefore individual staffs are likely to perform a wider range of tasks† (p. 0) this situation can be observed at Nottingham Castle. It might cause visitors to wait in the long queue, because of the customers who want to buy gift and tickets have to wait at the same counter. Once the visitors are in the Castle, they can access many attractions. For adults, they can enjoy the art and historical display; children can experience the outdoor playground and some indoor displays which are design for kids on ground floor. Furthermore, Nottingham Castle hold different events and tours throughout the year. (Table 1) These information shows that Nottingham Castle provides high variety of services. However, when there is no special event, the outdoor facilities tend to be idle. The function of playground and bandstand will be low. Table 1: Nottingham Castle events and tours Events| Time| Outdoor theatre| June, July and August| Robin Hood Pageant| October| Christmas events including visiting Santa| Christmas| Fireworks| | Historical en-enactments| | Indoor and outdoor activities for families| All year long| Festivals and fairs| | Cave tours| Tuesday – Sunday| Private hire| | During the weekends, holidays and school vacations, the number of visitors will increase. In addition, the castle is closed on Mondays; the number of visitors can fluctuate greatly depending on the time of the year. Along with big crowds,variation of demands can arise. It is then crucial for the Nottingham Castle staffs to assist the patrons when necessary. Visitors do not need to spend for a long time to find staffs for assistant. The transforming resources such as: Castle, Museum and gallery are highly visible to the visitors. The second case in this essay is London Zoo. Since it opened in 1828, London Zoo has been one of the most favorite attractions in England. (Watt and Stuart, 1995, p. ) Similar to Nottingham Castle, London Zoo adopt process layout as their operation layout type. Visitors do not have many limitations after they get into the zoo. Once inside the Zoo, not only staff and facilities are transforming resources but so are animals. Therefore, the collection of animals and their well-being is very important for the zoo. The average number of visitors during holidays, weekends and special events tend to be high. The number of visitors can peak at 18,000 people per day compare to 4000 to 6000 people on average. (Watt and Stuart, 1995) Base on these figures, the volume of London Zoo’s output is high. Moreover,London Zoo offers high-variety service. They have grown their animal collections and developed children’s zoo, education centre †¦etc. Additionally, questionnaires are sent out to customers to help them improve their daily operation. Although the volume of London Zoo is high, the Variation of demand is quite high as well. According to Watt and Stuart (1995), daily number of visitors fluctuated dramatically. The lowest and highest visitor numbers are 48 and 18. 000 people. London Zoo is predicted as a high visibility leisure facility. Most of the transforming resources are visible to the visitors. During peak periods, the zoo will hire more temporary stuff to help permanent stuff and thus provides customers a better experience. After carefully examining each facility's operations management, we can then compare and contrast them side by side. As discussed,the Nottingham Castle and the London Zoo have the same type of operation layout which is process layout. One disadvantage of process layout is customer queuing. (Slack et al. , 2004, p. 217) This issue is present in both of the two cases, especially during peak periods. London Zoo has queue everywhere, even the food in the shop is not up to the demand. Watt and Stuart, 1995) The other problem which appeared in author’s own experience was the clarity of flow in Nottingham Castle was low. Although visitors are free to choose their own route, the signposts in Nottingham Castle appear to be not clear. The unclear signposts sometimes confuse visitors; causing visitors to be unsure whether they have been to the all the facil ities on each floor. This problem match another possible disadvantage of process layout which is complex flow could be difficult to control. These two disadvantages both affect visitor’s experiences adversely. As we know customers’ satisfaction is crucial to any business sustainability and credibility. Therefore, improvement should be taken to upgrade their service quality. Refer to the difference between the four Vs in each facility. (Figure 2) Due to the size of the facility, London Zoo tends to have higher volume and variety to their outputs. Furthermore, London Zoo shows higher degree of visibility than Nottingham Castle. This is not only about contacts with the staff, but also higher visibility of the transforming resources to visitors. For instance, sometimes, visitors could have the chance to see workers feeding the animals. Hence,there is more interaction between transformed and transforming resources in London Zoo. Figure 2: Nottingham Castle and London Zoo Four Vs One common issue between both facilities is high variation in demand. This could lead to unstable financial statements and high unit costs. (Slack et al. , 2004) For leisure facilities, not surprisingly, the number of visitors varies from period to period. For example, during the summer vacation or school holidays, more families are willing to visit leisure facilities. The number of visitors will also get a boost when there are special events. This kind of unpredictable situation has a great impact on both places, especially the London Zoo. â€Å"On the Easter and August Bank holidays we can easily reach 10,000 people. † (Watt and Stuart, 1995, p. 8) Having a huge number of visitors in a day might be a good thing on short term profits. However, fluctuation of visitors can be a challenging obstacle to formulate a long term plan for due to the uncertain demands between peak and down times without sacrificing the quality of product. The shortage of stuff and products can lower the service quality which directly affects its reputation. As London Zoo’s director Jo Gipps said: (Watt and Stuart, 1995, p. 12) â€Å"They (visitors) will spread their dissatisfaction or disappointment by ‘word-of-mouth’. The consequence will be that visitors will not return, and new visitors will not be attracted† Since London Zoo is a bigger facility than Nottingham Castle, the temporary shortage on staff and products in busy months should have more impacts on its overall customers’ experiences. Thus, having a plan to cope with the short term increasing demands is even more vital for the Zoo to include in its operations management. This essay described Nottingham Castle and London Zoo in terms of operations management. After identifying each of facilities’ characteristic, it can be found that the basic layout adopted by both is process layout. Since visitors are free to move inside the zoo and the castle, the layouts of facilities need to maximize the traffic flow and put down well indicated signs for the visitors. The appropriate management of the traffic flow and the demands that are associated with a big crowd of people is a major mission for both the Nottingham Castle and the London Zoo. To some extent, Nottingham Castle and London Zoo have many similarities. Continual developments are the keys to attract more visitors to both places. However, due to the size of the facility and the nature of services provided, London Zoo has a more complex and dynamic operation process. In order to be competitive among today’s competitive leisurely activities choices, The Zoo needs to constantly reinvent itself with new acquisition of animals, interesting promotions to keep its spot light in potential customers’ minds. Therefore, the important resource for the Zoo is new capital which can help it explore new developments. On the other hand, the Nottingham Castle is a historic museum. The beauty of the Castle is its originality. There is simply not enough room nor need for new developments, but what the Castle would need is better representations of the history and stories of the Castle. And these improvements should be implemented on the guided tours, and better trained staff members. This is obviously not a single way to manage both of these multifaceted leisure facilities. Each case is unique of its own and should require careful considerations before implementing changes that suite its best interest.

Essay about Womens Suffrage - 1075 Words

Jane Addams, Susan B. Anthony, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. These women lived at the turn of the century, and fought vehemently for a cause they believed in. They knew that they were being discriminated against because of their gender, and they refused to take it. These pioneers of feminism paved the road for further reform, and changed the very fabric of our society. Although they were fighting for a worthy cause, many did not agree with these women’s radical views. These conservative thinkers caused a great road-block on the way to enfranchisement. Most of them were men, who were set in their thoughts about women’s roles, who couldn’t understand why a woman would deserve to vote, let alone want to vote. But there were also†¦show more content†¦In 1890, after competing for support and trying to overcome difficult opposition all around, the NWSA and the AWSA put their differences aside and converged into one group, NAWSA. But even as one unified group, th ey still had a hard road ahead. The anti-suffragists (antis’) all had their reasons for not wanting women to be able to vote, but most of them were based on the view that men are superior over women, and that most women don’t want to vote, anyways. Many antis’ were under the impression that â€Å"women did not have the intellectual capacity of men because their brains were smaller and more delicate...Since women could not be trusted to behave rationally, they would be extremely dangerous in a political setting† (Mayor, 67). Antis’ were also under the impression that women wanted to vote because they wanted to imitate men, and that once the traditional familial roles were tampered with the family structure would fall apart. They argued that women had a ‘separate but equal’ power, which was to shape their children, and if they had male children, they could shape them to vote in the way that they themselves would have, and so they indirec tly have the vote anyways. The antis’ were also worried about the honesty of women voters, expressing their concerns about women being able to vote more than once by concealing extra ballots in their voluminous sleeves, and slipping them quickly into the ballot boxes (Goldstein-LaVande). TheShow MoreRelatedWomens Suffrage in Britain1401 Words   |  6 Pages Women’s Suffrage in Britain Social change in Britain has been achieved primarily through the hard work of organized political groups. These groups created events to recruit and educate supporters of social equality to join them in fighting for progress. The Women’s Suffrage Movement between 1866 and 1928 in Britain is no exception to this trend. The reason for the great efficacy of these political groups, including the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies and the Women’s Social and PoliticalRead MoreThe Women’s Suffrage Movement Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesStarting in 1776 with a letter from Abigail Adams to her husband, the movement for Women’s suffrage lasted a superfluous amount of time. Mrs. Adam’s request for the President to â€Å"remember the ladies† set in motion a whole movement that would revolutionize the United States of America. A movement that set forth rights that the women of today take for granted. The women’s suffrage movement began in the mid-nineteenth century. Women began discussing the problems they faced in society and the differentRead MoreWilson’s Opinion on Women’s Suffrage1227 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s suffrage was a huge controversy in the 1920s. Many women wanted the right to vote and their voice to be heard. This was the time where the flappers were in action. Women were loud, bold, and daring. All they needed was equal rights; they wanted equal pay, and mainly voting rights. During this time, President Wilson was in office. Wilson won the presidential election due to his view on women’s suffrage; he was completely against it. (President Woodrow Wilson Picketed by women SuffragistsRead MoreWomens Suffrage Movement Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesFrom the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 to Betty Friedman and her bestselling book, The Feminine Mystique, the women’s suffrage movement advocated for equality between men and women. Throughout the years, there were many women that fought for the rights they have today. Susan B. Anthony along with a colleague formed the National Woman Suffrage Association that served to gain women the right to vote. In 1920, women were granted the right to vote by the 19th amendment of the constitution. At thisRead MoreEssay on Campaign for Womens Suffrage1064 Words   |  5 PagesCampaign for Womens Suffrage A campaign for women’s suffrage developed in the years after 1870 due to socio-economic and political reasons. The transformation of Britain into an industrialised nation prompted a change in the way gender roles were perceived; separate gender spheres in business, politics and the home were accentuated. Although a woman’s role was still thought to be in the home, they had complete control over all domestic affairs, and began to acknowledgeRead More Womens Suffrage Essay3961 Words   |  16 PagesWomens Suffrage At the turn of the twentieth century, the ideal British woman in Great Britain was to maintain a demure manner, a composed faà §ade. A delicate disposition with a distain for all things violent and vulgar. However, by this point in time, an increasing number of women were becoming ever more frustrated with their suppressed position in society. Women eventually went to extreme, militant measures to gain rights, especially to gain women the right to voteRead MoreCult of True Womanhood: Womens Suffrage1299 Words   |  6 PagesSeneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments; this historical document demanded abolishment of any laws that authorized unequal treatment of women and to allow for passage of a suffrage amendment. More than three hundred citizens came to take part in one of the most important documents written in women’s history during the Women’s Right’s Convention in upstate Seneca, New York, led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott on July 19-20, 1848 (Ryder). Stanton became persistent when she includedRead MoreWomens Suffrage Movement2267 Words   |  9 Pages In 1893 New Zealand became the first country in the world to give women the right to vote, this made them leaders in the women’s suffrage movement. This is an historical event that is of significance to New Zealanders when the bill was passed and continues to impact New Zealanders now. Prior to 1893 there were many issues which women faced that significantly impacted the quality of their lives and their families, especially their children. As a result of industrialism in New Zealand families wereRead MoreEssay on Womens Suffrage Movement in The Bahamas659 Words   |  3 PagesMcphee History Coursework Question 1(A) What role did the Women’s Suffrage Movement Play during the â€Å"Quiet Revolution† in the Bahamas? Notable women such as Dame Doris Johnson, Mary Ingraham, Eugenia Lockhart, Mabel Walker and Georgianna Symonette has made countless triumphs toward the equal rights of all women in the Bahamas. In particular all of these women mentioned before were major persons in the Women’s Suffrage Movement in the Bahamas. This movement’s main purpose was to ensureRead MoreWomen’s Suffrage Movement in America Essay2480 Words   |  10 Pagessense that a man who might not even read up on the issues at hand during voting time would be able to give an opinion, but a woman who is educated, passionate, and worldly would have been turned away. In such a male dominated world at the time of the suffrage movement these woman who started it all must have been strong willed and passionate about their cause, and I feel like I just need to know more. There is so much information I want to ascertain while conducting my research for this paper. First

The Factors That Influence Business Communication - 872 Words

People are always looking to innovate, create, and develop things that will move us forward into the future and we must learn to adapt to the evolution going on around us. An interesting topic that many people are curious and terrified about is the adaptation of work skills in the future. With technology advancements, human evolution, social technologies, and global interconnectivity evolving at a rapid pace, we must learn from these advancements, adapt them to our daily lives, and embed the core competencies into our workforce and communication. The future offers us new tools to use, but first we must understand them before we can use them. We will explore future communication trends in the workplace, how the trends relate to the four factors that influence business communication, and which trends are likely to affect a Human Resources career. The advancements in technology have always seemed to control the communication trends in today’s workforce. For instance, the developm ent of technology has brought electronic communication to the forefront with things like Email, instant messaging, Web communications, and voice and wireless technologies (Lehman, DuFrene, Walker, 2016). Future technologies that will affect communication trends are workplace automation, computational increases, new multimedia technologies, social media platforms and technologies, and global interconnectivity. Each of these will change the way we communicate at the workplace. Social media platforms,Show MoreRelatedEssay Business Negotiations 1648 Words   |  7 PagesNegotiations occur every day in the business and personal environments. Depending on one’s perspective, business negotiations may have more importance or personal negotiations may have more importance. However, business negotiations, and personal negotiations are intertwining. 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Essay on Ethnography on Cambodian Americans - 903 Words

I chose Cambodian Americans for my target culture because it was a place I knew very little about. My ignorance of that side of the world is laughable to say the least. Cambodian American was a great choice because both the people and the culture are very captivating to me. While some Cambodian Americans become very westernized, accepting most of America’s cultural norms, some hold strong to their Cambodian traditions and way of life. Through Geert Hofstede’s Taxonomy, I will explore the dynamics of the Cambodian American culture. Through Identity, Hierarchy, Gender, Truth and Virtue I will attempt to describe a culture previously virtually unknown to me. I chose Hofstede’s Taxonomy over Bond’s because Michael Bond himself told me to.†¦show more content†¦While most Cambodian Americans are loyal to their own family units it is not uncommon for them to be hesitant about close interaction with strangers even other Cambodians. The hesitation that so me Cambodian Americans face when meeting with strangers is due to the fact that the Cambodian culture is one of high power distance. Hierarchy is determined usually by age or economic status. Social hierarchy of age is evident in the greetings. Depending on who you are greeting determines the type of greeting. If one were to greet someone who is Cambodian, they should do the formal put hands together and bow. At chest level to someone who is of the same age or status, at mouth level to a superior such as a boss and at nose level to someone who is an elder, such as a grandparent. (Vorani) If greeting someone who isn’t Cambodian, we just normally do the American â€Å"hi† while waving. It just really depends. For the Cambodian culture, we have to make sure we greet using again the hands together while bowing especially to those who are older than your parents. You also have to say a formal saying in Khmer but I forgot the translation for it in one must to refer them as â€Å"ming†, â€Å"bou†, or â€Å"orm†. This is based on both age and gender. (Eam) There is a clear delineation between superiors and subordinates and between the young and the old. (Serpa) While the Cambodian culture itself is more feminine there is a high level of respect paid to the men of the household. The

AIDS progres Free Essays

Although progress has been in treating HIV infection and AIDS, the epidemic remains a critical public health issue in all communities across the country and around the world. Prevention, early detection, and ongoing treatment remain important aspects of care for people with HIV infections and AIDS. Nurses in all settings encounter people with this disease; thus, nurses need an understanding of the disorder, knowledge of the physical and psychological consequences associated with the diagnosis, and expert assessment and clinical management skills to provide optimal care for people with HIV infection and AIDS. We will write a custom essay sample on AIDS progres or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 1987, just 6 years after the first cases of AIDS were reported, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first antiretroviral agent; in 1988nthe first randomized controlled trial of primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia appeared in the literature; and in 1995 protease inhibitors joined the growing number of antiretroviral agents. Improved treatment of HIV and AIDS has resulted in increased survival times; in 1996, 1997, and 1998, age-adjusted death rates fell 29%, 48%, and 21%, respectively. II. Background Since acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first recognized more than 20 years ago, remarkable progress has been made in improving the quality and duration of life of persons with HIV infection. During the first decade, this progress was associated with recognition of opportunistic disease processes, more effective therapy for complications, and introduction of prophylaxis against common opportunistic infections (OIs). The second decade has witnessed progress in developing highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) as well as continuing progress in treating OIs (Letvin, Bloom Hoffman, 2001). Since the HIV serologic test (enzyme immunoassay [EIA], formerly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ALISHA], became available in 1984, allowing early diagnosis of the infection before onset of symptoms, HIV infection has been best managed as a chronic disease   and most appropriately managed in an outpatient care setting (Gallant, 2001). A. Epidemiology In fall 1982, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a case definition of AIDS after the first 100 cases were reported. Since then, the CDC has revised the case definition a number of times (1985, 1987, and 1993). All 50 states, the District of Columbia, U.S. dependencies and possessions, and independent nations in free association with the United States report AIDS cases to the CDC using a uniform surveillance case definition and case report from (CDC, 2002). Starting in the late 1990s, more states started to implement HIV case reporting in response to the changing epidemic and the need for information on persons with HIV infection who have not developed AIDS. As of December 2001, there were 816,149 reported cases of HIV/AIDS and 506, 154 adults, adolescents, and children in the United States (including U.S. dependencies, possession, and associated nations) living with AIDS. Unprotected sex and sharing of injection drug use equipment are the major means of transmission of HIV. A total of 43, 158 AIDS cases were diagnosed in 2001. For men diagnosed with AIDS during 2001, 59% were in the exposure category of men who have sex with men; 24% in injection drug use; and 7% in heterosexual contact. In women diagnosed with AIDS during that same period, 44% reported injection drug use and 52% reported heterosexual contact. Comparing race/ethnicity amount the three largest groups diagnosed in 2001, 20,752 were black, not Hispanics (CDC, 2002). The number of people living with AIDS is not evenly distributed throughout the United States. States with the largest number of reported AIDS cases during 2001 were New York (7,476), Florida (5,138), California (4,315), Texas (2,892), and Maryland (1,860) (CDC, 2002). AIDS has reached epidemic proportions in some other parts of the world. According to the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS, more than 18.3 million people worldwide have died of AIDS and 34.3 million people are infected with HIV, with 5.4 million people newly infected with HIV in 1999 alone (Letvin, Bloom Hoffman, 2001). UNAIDS (2001) reports that since the epidemic began, more than 60 million people have been infected with the virus, making it the most devastating disease ever. The earliest confirmed case of HIV infection was found in blood drawn from an African man in 1959 (Stephenson, 2003). Although factors associated with the spread of HIV in Africa in the 1960s; however, social changes such as easier access to transportation, increasing population density, and more frequent sexual contacts may have been more important (Stephenson 2003). III. Discussion A. Symptoms Treatment of specific manifestations of HIV infection and AIDS in the person with advanced disease targets symptoms. Patients with HIV/AIDS experience a number of symptoms related to the disease as well as the effects of treatment. Some of the vivid symptoms are as follows: Respiratory Manifestation. Shortness of breath, dyspnea (labored breathing), cough, chest pain, and fever associated with various OIs, such as those caused by Pneumocystis carinii, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, CMV, and Legionella species. The most common infection in people with AIDS is Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), one of the first OIs described in association with AIDS. PCP. PCP is the most common OIs resulting in an AIDS diagnosis. Without prophylactic therapy, PCP will develop in 80% of all HIV-infected individuals. P. carinii was originally classified as a protozoan; however, studies and analysis of its ribosomal RNA structure suggest that it is a fungus. Its structure and antimicrobial sensitivity are very different from other disease-causing fungi. P. carinii causes disease only in immunocompromised hosts, invading and proliferating within the pulmonary alveoli with resultant consolidation of the pulmonary parenchyma. How to cite AIDS progres, Papers

Method Business Research Research Proposal -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: What Are The Benefits And Drawbacks Of Outsourcing On The Performance Of The Organization? What Is The Consequence Of Outsourcing On The Performance Of The Business? What Are The Advantages Of Using Outsourcing? What Are The Disadvantages Of Using Outsourcing? What Is The Importance Of Strategies Developed For Outsourcing The Business Operation? What Is The Impact Of Outsourcing On The Turnover Of The Enterprise? How The Risks Associated With The Business Processes Can Be Reduced? Do Outsourcing Plays Any Role In Reducing Risks Of The Project? What Are The Limitations Of The Outsourcing Associated With The Business Operation? Answers: Introduction The outsourcing of the business process is the fundamental phenomenon for involving the association of the third to complete the project activities. The trend of carrying over the business activities is changing towards the process of outsourcing with the aim of reducing cost incurred on the processes. The reorganization of the expertize staff help in completing the activities with efficiency which results in providing good quality product at the end. The globalization is the major factor for the involvement of open market strategies in completing the business operation (Sarifuzzaman, 2011). The long term growth of the organization can be improved with the effective selection of outsourcing partners. The improved quality of the product helps in reducing risks associated with the customer satisfaction. The project activities and processes can be completed with reduced cost and within the mentioned baseline with the outsourcing of business operation to the third party. In this paper, w e are looking forward to plan a research methodology to determine the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing with regards to business efficiency. Project objective The objective of the research is to reduced cost and improved performance of the project with the inclusion of outsourcing fundamental. The aim of this research is to analyse the impact of outsourcing in carrying over business operations. It also focuses on looking into the benefits and drawbacks of outsourcing which plays a vital role in improving the turnover of the organization. Project scope The scope of the project is to clearly define The consequence of outsourcing on the performance of the business. Importance of strategies developed for outsourcing the business operation Impact of outsourcing on the turnover of the enterprise Impact of outsourcing on the customer satisfaction and their perspective view. Limitation of the outsourcing associated with the business operation. Identifies how the in-house capabilities of the enterprise can be improved Literature Review The core functions of the enterprise are provided to the third party to give outsourcing services in completing the business operations (Ray, 2009). The experts opinion is that the performance of the business can be improved with the use of outsourcing process because it helps in adding values to the business activities. The competitive advantage can be gained by utilizing the fundamental tools of outsourcing. The activities of the organization are improved in every sector of the business by using the process of outsourcing like human resource, finance and accounting, IT, and others. The flexibility in the process helps in improving the quality of work done for completing the business operations (Mirza, 2015). The resources of the organization can be efficiently utilized for reducing the cost incurred on the project completion. The globalization is the major factor for the involvement of open market strategies in completing the business operation. The long term growth of the organiza tion can be improved with the effective selection of outsourcing partners. The in-house capabilities of the organization can be improved with the reduction in the cost associated with the completion of the processes (Patricia, 2014). The human resource skills can be improved with the inclusion of training and development program to prepared them according to the requirement of the global market. The marketing strategies of the enterprise can be improved which results into the increasing sale of the product by attracting new customers towards the organization. The high quality services can be provided to the customers by providing business operations to be performed by the third party (Garg, 2016). It has been analysed that in spite of several advantages there are some negative aspect too such as confidentiality of the information is kept at high risks due to the interference of the third party in completing the business operations. The capability of sustaining quality of the product can be improved. The data leakages can be the result of outsourcing. It helps in providing new opportunities to the utilization of the resources in the effective manner. The literature review helps in analysing the use of outsourcing in the financial sector. It helps in the development of cost saving program for the organization. The core skills of the employees can be sharpening according to the business requirement. The stability can be attained in the liquidity state of the enterprise (Krell, 2014). The capability of the information technology and system can be improved. We have determined that the productivity of the enterprise can be improved with the effective utilization of the outsourcing program. It helps in providing flexibility to the business processes which are being undertaken by the organization. The major disadvantage of the outsourcing is that the skills, knowledge, experience of the working employees are not fully utilized to present new ideas and innovative technique to enhance the operational performance of the enterprise. It is difficult to analyse best outsourcing company for increasing the efficiency of the enterprise. Research Hypothesis: The various approaches are used for determining the advantages and disadvantages of the outsourcing technology. The competitive advantage can be gained with the strategic implementation of the outsourcing activities (Millan, 2010). The efficient use of intellectual properties helps in improving the turnover of the enterprise. The following hypothesis is identified with the analysis of the literature review: The core skills of the employees can be effectively improved The strategic evaluation helps in identifying the satisfaction level of the customers and the working employees with the inclusion of outsourcing program Identifying the views and opinions of the working employees on the negative and positive aspect of the outsourcing terminology. Helps in identifying the profit generated by the outsourcing program The following framework is identified with the analysis of the research hypothesis: Research design and methodology The research design is prepared for collecting data related with the research questions prepared to take over the research study on identifying the advantages and disadvantages of the outsourcing program (Kremic, 2013). The research design helps in developing the strategies for the research study to take the research in right direction which helps in identifying the expected outcome of the research study program. Qualitative and quantitative research methodologies will be scheduled for collecting relevant and accurate data required for the research to know the real outcome of outsourcing the business operation with regards to the impact on companys performance. The following diagram shows the research design overview: Qualitative Research The following methods are used for collecting information related to the impact of outsourcing on the effective working of the enterprise: Observation method: The observation of the different organization which has undertaken outsourcing under their working curriculum helps in analysing the facts and figures to determine the positive and the negative aspect of outsourcing. We have analysed that the outsourcing is the cost effective program which helps in completing the project within time and budget but the major disadvantage of the outsourcing program is that the knowledge and the experience of the working employees of the organization is not utilized to its full extent. No new innovation comes under curriculum of the business activities. In-depth interview approach: It is peer to peer organization of the interview with the top executives of the enterprise to analyse the impact of outsourcing on the working structure of the business (Haveckin, 2012). Questionnaire: The questions are prepared for collecting the answers from large population sample at a time. The structured format should be prepared for the documentation of the views and opinion of the participating units. The experience of the working employees in the environment of outsourcing program helps in providing clear details about the benefits and drawbacks of the outsourcing methodology. The open ended questionnaire is taken under consideration for recognizing the respondent behaviour of the working employees. Ethical consideration: The ethical laws and policies should be used for conducting a good research strategy for knowing the real situation of the outsourcing in the global market. It helps in identifying the need of outsourcing with the innovation and growth of the digital world (Iqbal, 2014). Text based analysis: This methodology helps in analysing the previous research work to find the relevant facts and figure associated with the outsourcing program. Quantitative Research Sampling method: This method is used for performing descripting statistical approach on the small sample of the population. It helps in carrying over outsourcing activities for the small period of time to analyse the positive and negative aspect of the outsourcing program (Tucker, 2011). Statistical Testing: The statistical testing is performed on the data collected in relation with the efficiency of the outsource program on the other organization which are working on the tactics of outsourcing. Research limitation The limitation of the research depends on the formulation of scope required for carrying out research activity program. The efficient communication techniques are not used while conducting interviews with the high officials and top executives of the enterprise. The data collected is not well documented in the structured format (Hila, 2013). The research activities are not completed within the scheduled time of the project. Time Schedule Research Activity Program Starting date of the research Finishing date of the research Explanation Selection of the research topic 28-Sep-17 29-Sep-17 The topic selected for carrying over the research is Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing the business functions Team members selection process 29-Sep-17 01-Oct-17 The analysis of the skills and expertise helps in selecting the team members and provided them their responsibilities to carry over the research study Collection of data for literature review 02-Oct-17 04-Oct-17 The multiple sources can be used for gathering details required to complete the literature review. Process of literature review 05-Oct-17 07-Oct-17 The information should be written in the well-structured format which is collected from reviewing the literature review. It helps in understanding the research questions designed for the research study Development program of the research question 08-Oct-17 10-Oct-17 The primary and secondary research questions should be designed for undertaking the research in the right direction Preparation of the draft according to the research topic 11-Oct-17 20-Oct-17 It helps in specifying the research objective and scope of the research and what will be the possible outcome of the research study on outsourcing of the business operation Methodologies used for carrying out research 21-Oct-17 15-Nov-17 Qualitative and quantitative research methodologies will be scheduled for collecting relevant and accurate data required for the research to know the real outcome of outsourcing the business operation with regards to the impact on companys performance Reviewing of the research proposal 16-Nov-17 23-Nov-17 The researcher should approved the draft to carry over further research in determining the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing the business operations to the third party Research proposal approval 24-Nov-17 25-Nov-17 Researcher signed for approving the draft Analysis phase of the research 26-Nov-17 31-Dec-17 The data should be analysed which is collected from multiple sources and research methodologies Evaluation phase 01-Jan-18 10-Jan-18 The analysis and the findings of the research helps in gaining expected outcome of the research Closure of the research study 11-Jan-18 20-Jan-18 Completion of research on the topic Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing the business functions to the third party Conclusion In this paper, we have focused on looking into the benefits and drawbacks of outsourcing which plays a vital role in improving the turnover of the organization. The implementation of the research methodology helps in identifying positive and negative aspect of the outsourcing policies. The high quality services can be provided to the customers by providing business operations to be performed by the third party. Data leakages and loss of confidentiality is the major disadvantage associated with the inclusion of third party to complete the business activities. References Garg, J. (2016). The changing trends of outsourcing business operation to India. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://www.rigelnetworks.com/changing-trends-outsourcing-business-operations-india/ [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Haveckin, B. (2012). Information technology outsourcing by large organization. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/19401/1/Brian_Haveckin.pdf [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Hila, C. (2014). Outsourcing within the supply chain management framework. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://conferinta.management.ase.ro/archives/2014/pdf/31.pdf [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Iqbal, J. (2013). Outsourcing: A review of trends, winners, and loser and future direction. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol_4_No_8_Special_Issue_July_2013/9.pdf [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Krell, E. (2014). Outsourcing the finance and accounting function. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/ImportedDocuments/tech_mag_outsourcing_the_finance_and_accounting_functions_oct07.pdf.pdf [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Kremic, T. (2013). Outsourcing decision support: A survey of benefits, risks, and decision factor. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://ankara.lti.cs.cmu.edu/11780/sites/default/files/Outsourcing-Survey.pdf [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Millan, M. (2010). The benefits and risks of outsourcing. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=e698d613-af77-4e34-b84e-940e14e94ce4 [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Mirza, A. (2015). The impact of outsourcing on the organization and economy. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:831505/FULLTEXT01.pdf [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Patricia, P. (2014). Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://smartchurchmanagement.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-outsourcing/ [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Ray, G. (2009). Finance and accounting outsourcing: An empirical study of service providers. 1st ed. [ebook]. [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Sarifuzzaman, M. (2011). The impact of outsourcing on the company performance. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://dspace.bracu.ac.bd/bitstream/handle/10361/2993/12282018.pdf?sequence=1 [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Tucker, J. (2011). The pros and cons of outsourcing. 1st ed. [ebook]. https://www.journalofaccountancy.com/issues/1998/jun/antonuci.html [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]